b'Is Factory Farming making us sick?Treatment Currently there is no efficient vaccine to reduce incidence of Campylobacter in farmed birds, although researchers are attempting to develop one 59 . Preventing its spread on farms is a matter of improving biosecurity and hygiene. Unfortunately, in 2013, the Food Standards Agency (FSA) expressed concern that chicken farmers did not abide by new biosecurity requirements 80 per cent of campylobacteriosis can bewith sufficient consistency to be effective 60 . attributed to chicken 56 . At slaughterhouses, hygiene practices may Eating undercooked meat (especiallyalso reduce contamination of carcasses poultry) is the main cause of illness.by faeces 61. In some countries, chicken Other sources include contact with livemeat is disinfected with a chlorine wash. poultry and drinking unpasteurised milk orChlorinated chicken has been banned in untreated water. the EU since 1997 62but could be sold in British shops in the future.Symptoms in animalsThe types most commonly found in peopleThe only method presumed to eliminate (C. jejuni and C. coli) are not generallyCampylobacter from contaminated foods is associated with illness in animals, althoughheat treatment (cooking or pasteurisation) C. jejuni can cause miscarriage in sheep 57 .or irradiation. Symptoms in people In people, treatment is based on oral or Infection can cause a severe form of foodintravenous rehydration, with antimicrobial poisoning marked by bloody diarrhoea,treatment recommended in invasive cases abdominal pain, fever, headache and(when bacteria invade intestinal cells and vomiting. The symptoms typically lastdamage tissues) 63 .three to six days. Fatal outcomes usually occur only in the very young or elderly, or those with another serious disease. Long-term complications can include paralysis, arthritis, heart infection and septicaemia 58 .13'